the codon AUG performs dual functions: it codes for the amino acid Methionine (met) and serves as the initiator codon (also known as the start codon) . During the process of translation, the ribosome binds to the mRNA at this specific AUG sequence to begin protein synthesis . In contrast, other codons such as UAG, UAA, and UGA act as stop or terminator codons that signal the end of translation . Understanding these core principles of the genetic code is essential for exam preparation, as NCERT textbooks provide the foundation for approximately 95% of NEET Biology questions.