In the case of peppered moth (Biston betularia), the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during the industrial revolution. This is an example of:
natural selection, whereby the darker forms were selected
appearance of the darker coloured individuals due to very poor sunlight
protective mimicry
inheritance of darker colour character acquired due to the darker environment
the observation of industrial melanism (where dark-winged moths survived better than white-winged moths in polluted, soot-covered areas) is a classic example supporting evolution by natural selection . The predators spotted the moths against contrasting backgrounds; thus, in industrial areas, the dark-winged moths were camouflaged and selected for survival, while the white-winged ones were eaten , . Option 4 describes Lamarckism (inheritance of acquired characters), which is incorrect.
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