the codon AUG performs dual functions: it codes for the amino acid Methionine and serves as the initiator codon (start codon) . During the process of translation, the ribosome binds to the mRNA at this specific start codon to begin the synthesis of a polypeptide . In contrast, other codons such as UGA, UAA, and UAG function as stop or terminator codons . Mastering these core principles of the genetic code is a high-priority strategy for medical aspirants, as NCERT textbooks serve as the primary source for approximately 95% of NEET Biology questions .