What type of pollination takes place in Vallisneria?
Pollination occurs in submerged conditions by water.
Flowers emerge above the surface of water and pollination occurs by insects.
Flowers emerge above the water surface and pollen is carried by the wind.
Male flowers are carried by water currents to female flowers at the surface of the water.
In Vallisneria, the female flowers reach the surface of the water via long stalks . The male flowers or pollen grains are released onto the surface and are carried passively by water currents until they reach the female flowers and the stigma . This is a distinct mechanism compared to other aquatic plants where flowers may emerge for wind or insect pollination .
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