In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to:
alkaline pH of the insect gut
acidic pH of the insect gut
action of gut microorganisms
presence of conversion factors in the insect gut
The Bt toxin protein exists as inactive protoxins. Once an insect ingests the inactive toxin, it is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut, which solubilises the crystals .
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