Amniocentesis involves taking amniotic fluid containing foetal cells to analyse them for genetic disorders and survivability.

1. Genetic/Chromosomal Disorders: It successfully detects chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) and Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY), as well as Mendelian disorders like haemophilia and sickle-cell anaemia .
2. Sex Determination: It can detect the sex of the foetus based on the chromosomal pattern (XX or XY), which has led to statutory bans to prevent female foeticide .
3. Jaundice: Jaundice is a metabolic condition characterised by high bilirubin levels, often associated with liver function. It is not a chromosomal or genetic disorder detectable through the karyotyping analysis typically performed in amniocentesis .