Osmotic pressure is a colligative property given by the formula π=iCRT, where i is the van't Hoff factor, C is the molar concentration, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature . For two solutions to have the same osmotic pressure at a given temperature, their effective concentrations (i×C) must be equal. Assuming complete dissociation:
- 0.1 M BaCl2 and 0.2 M K2SO4: For BaCl2, i=3 (Ba2+,2Cl−), so i×C=3×0.1=0.3 M. For K2SO4, i=3 (2K+,SO42−), so i×C=3×0.2=0.6 M. (Not equal)
- 0.1 M Na3PO4 and 0.1 M K2SO4: For Na3PO4, i=4 (3Na+,PO43−), so i×C=4×0.1=0.4 M. For K2SO4, i×C=3×0.1=0.3 M. (Not equal)
- 0.2 M NaCl and 0.1 M K2SO4: For NaCl, i=2 (Na+,Cl−), so i×C=2×0.2=0.4 M. For K2SO4, i×C=3×0.1=0.3 M. (Not equal)
- 0.2 M NaCl and 0.1 M K3[Fe(CN)6]: For NaCl, i=2, so i×C=2×0.2=0.4 M. For K3[Fe(CN)6], i=4 (3K+,[Fe(CN)6]3−), so i×C=4×0.1=0.4 M. (Equal)
Therefore, 0.2 M NaCl and 0.1 M K3[Fe(CN)6] will have the same value of osmotic pressure.