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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

An ion, among the following, that has a magnetic moment of 2.84 BM is: (At. no. Ni = 28, Ti = 22, Cr = 24, Co = 27)

A

Ni²⁺

B

Ti³⁺

C

Cr²⁺

D

Co²⁺

Step-by-Step Solution

The 'spin-only' magnetic moment (μ\mu) is calculated using the formula: μ=n(n+2)\mu = \sqrt{n(n+2)} B.M., where 'nn' is the number of unpaired electrons.

Given μ=2.84\mu = 2.84 B.M., we can calculate nn: n(n+2)2.84\sqrt{n(n+2)} \approx 2.84 n(n+2)8n(n+2) \approx 8 For n=2n = 2, 2(4)=82.83\sqrt{2(4)} = \sqrt{8} \approx 2.83 B.M. Thus, the ion must have 2 unpaired electrons.

Now, let's analyze the electronic configurations of the given ions:

  1. Ni2+Ni^{2+} (Z=28): Configuration is [Ar]3d8[Ar] 3d^8. The d-orbitals have the arrangement \uparrow\downarrow \uparrow\downarrow \uparrow\downarrow \uparrow \uparrow. This gives 2 unpaired electrons. (Calculated μ2.84\mu \approx 2.84 B.M.)
  2. Ti3+Ti^{3+} (Z=22): Configuration is [Ar]3d1[Ar] 3d^1. This gives 1 unpaired electron. (Calculated μ=1.73\mu = 1.73 B.M.)
  3. Cr2+Cr^{2+} (Z=24): Configuration is [Ar]3d4[Ar] 3d^4. This gives 4 unpaired electrons. (Calculated μ=4.90\mu = 4.90 B.M.)
  4. Co2+Co^{2+} (Z=27): Configuration is [Ar]3d7[Ar] 3d^7. This gives 3 unpaired electrons. (Calculated μ=3.87\mu = 3.87 B.M.)

Therefore, Ni2+Ni^{2+} is the correct answer .

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