The 'spin-only' magnetic moment (μ) is calculated using the formula: μ=n(n+2) B.M., where 'n' is the number of unpaired electrons.
Given μ=2.84 B.M., we can calculate n:
n(n+2)≈2.84
n(n+2)≈8
For n=2, 2(4)=8≈2.83 B.M. Thus, the ion must have 2 unpaired electrons.
Now, let's analyze the electronic configurations of the given ions:
- Ni2+ (Z=28): Configuration is [Ar]3d8. The d-orbitals have the arrangement ↑↓↑↓↑↓↑↑. This gives 2 unpaired electrons. (Calculated μ≈2.84 B.M.)
- Ti3+ (Z=22): Configuration is [Ar]3d1. This gives 1 unpaired electron. (Calculated μ=1.73 B.M.)
- Cr2+ (Z=24): Configuration is [Ar]3d4. This gives 4 unpaired electrons. (Calculated μ=4.90 B.M.)
- Co2+ (Z=27): Configuration is [Ar]3d7. This gives 3 unpaired electrons. (Calculated μ=3.87 B.M.)
Therefore, Ni2+ is the correct answer .