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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

Based on electrode potentials in the table below: Cu2+(aq)+eCu+(aq)E=0.15 V\text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}^+(aq) \quad E^\circ = 0.15 \text{ V} Cu+(aq)+eCu(s)E=0.50 V\text{Cu}^+(aq) + e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}(s) \quad E^\circ = 0.50 \text{ V} The value of ECu2+/CuE^\circ_{\text{Cu}^{2+}/\text{Cu}} will be:

A

0.325 V

B

0.650 V

C

0.150 V

D

0.500 V

Step-by-Step Solution

To find the standard reduction potential for the overall reaction Cu2+(aq)+2eCu(s)\text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}(s), we need to use standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG\Delta G^\circ).

Given half-reactions:

  1. Cu2+(aq)+eCu+(aq)E1=0.15 V\text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}^+(aq) \quad E^\circ_1 = 0.15 \text{ V} ΔG1=n1FE1=1×F×0.15=0.15F\Delta G^\circ_1 = -n_1 F E^\circ_1 = -1 \times F \times 0.15 = -0.15 F

  2. Cu+(aq)+eCu(s)E2=0.50 V\text{Cu}^+(aq) + e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}(s) \quad E^\circ_2 = 0.50 \text{ V} ΔG2=n2FE2=1×F×0.50=0.50F\Delta G^\circ_2 = -n_2 F E^\circ_2 = -1 \times F \times 0.50 = -0.50 F

Adding equations (1) and (2) gives the required equation: Cu2+(aq)+2eCu(s)\text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}(s) ΔG3=ΔG1+ΔG2=0.15F+(0.50F)=0.65F\Delta G^\circ_3 = \Delta G^\circ_1 + \Delta G^\circ_2 = -0.15 F + (-0.50 F) = -0.65 F

For the overall reaction, ΔG3=n3FE3\Delta G^\circ_3 = -n_3 F E^\circ_3, where n3=2n_3 = 2. 2×F×E3=0.65F-2 \times F \times E^\circ_3 = -0.65 F E3=0.652=+0.325 VE^\circ_3 = \frac{0.65}{2} = +0.325 \text{ V}.

Therefore, ECu2+/Cu=0.325 VE^\circ_{\text{Cu}^{2+}/\text{Cu}} = 0.325 \text{ V}.

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