Solved: CHEMISTRY Question for NEET

NEET CHEMISTRYEasy

The correct statement among the following is:

Any aldehyde gives secondary alcohol on reduction.

The reaction of vegetable oil with H₂SO₄ gives glycerin.

C₂H₅OH and iodine with NaOH give iodoform.

Sucrose in reaction with NaCl gives invert sugar.

Option 1 (Incorrect): Reduction of aldehydes ( $RCHO$ ) generally yields primary alcohols ( $RCH_2OH$ ), not secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols are obtained from the reduction of ketones ( $RCOR'$ ). (General organic chemistry principles).
Option 2 (Incorrect): Vegetable oils are esters of glycerol (triglycerides). Their hydrolysis (saponification) to give glycerol (glycerin) is typically carried out with bases like NaOH, not concentrated $H_2SO_4$ which is a dehydrating agent.
Option 3 (Correct): Ethanol ( $C_2H_5OH$ ) contains the methyl carbinol group ( $CH_3-CH(OH)-$ ). When treated with iodine ( $I_2$ ) and alkali ( $NaOH$ ), it undergoes the Iodoform reaction to produce a yellow precipitate of Iodoform ( $CHI_3$ ). The reaction is: $C_2H_5OH + 4I_2 + 6NaOH \rightarrow CHI_3 + HCOONa + 5NaI + 5H_2O$ . (This reaction is implicitly supported by the text discussing Iodoform tests for methyl ketones and alcohols ).
Option 4 (Incorrect): Inversion of sucrose (hydrolysis) into glucose and fructose occurs in the presence of acid ( $H^+$ ) or the enzyme invertase, not NaCl .

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