Solved: CHEMISTRY Question for NEET

NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

Match List-I (Equations/Conditions) with List-II (Type of processes) and select the correct option.

List-I (Equations) (a) $K_p > Q$ (b) $T < \frac{\Delta H}{\Delta S}$ (for $\Delta H > 0$ ) (c) $K_p = Q$ (d) $T > \frac{\Delta H}{\Delta S}$ (for $\Delta H > 0$ )

List-II (Type of processes) (i) Non-spontaneous (ii) Equilibrium (iii) Spontaneous and endothermic (iv) Spontaneous

(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)

(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

(a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)

Step-by-Step Solution

(a) $K_p > Q$ : When the reaction quotient ( $Q$ ) is less than the equilibrium constant ( $K_p$ ), the reaction proceeds in the forward direction to reach equilibrium. Therefore, the forward process is Spontaneous (iv). [NCERT Chem 11, Equilibrium, Sec 6.3]
(c) $K_p = Q$ : When $Q$ equals $K_p$ , the system is at Equilibrium (ii). [NCERT Chem 11, Equilibrium, Sec 6.3]
(d) $T > \frac{\Delta H}{\Delta S}$ : For an endothermic reaction ( $\Delta H > 0$ ), spontaneity requires $\Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S < 0$ . This occurs when $T\Delta S > \Delta H$ , or $T > \frac{\Delta H}{\Delta S}$ . Thus, the process is Spontaneous and endothermic (iii). [NCERT Chem 11, Thermodynamics, Sec 5.6]
(b) $T < \frac{\Delta H}{\Delta S}$ : Conversely, if the temperature is low ( $T\Delta S < \Delta H$ ) for an endothermic reaction, $\Delta G$ will be positive. Thus, the process is Non-spontaneous (i).

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