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NEET CHEMISTRYEasy

The correct thermodynamic conditions for the spontaneous reaction at all temperatures is:

A

ΔH>0\Delta H > 0 and ΔS<0\Delta S < 0

B

ΔH<0\Delta H < 0 and ΔS>0\Delta S > 0

C

ΔH<0\Delta H < 0 and ΔS<0\Delta S < 0

D

ΔH<0\Delta H < 0 and ΔS=0\Delta S = 0

Step-by-Step Solution

For a reaction to be spontaneous at all temperatures, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG\Delta G) must be negative (ΔG<0\Delta G < 0). According to the Gibbs free energy equation, ΔG=ΔHTΔS\Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S. If ΔH<0\Delta H < 0 (enthalpy decreases) and ΔS>0\Delta S > 0 (entropy increases), then the term TΔS-T\Delta S becomes negative (as TT in Kelvin is always positive). Consequently, ΔG\Delta G will always be negative regardless of the magnitude of temperature, making the reaction spontaneous at all temperatures .

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