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Out of TiF62TiF_6^{2-}, CoF63CoF_6^{3-}, Cu2Cl2Cu_2Cl_2 and NiCl42NiCl_4^{2-} (Z of Ti = 22, Co = 27, Cu = 29, Ni = 28), the colourless species are:

A

TiF62TiF_6^{2-} and CoF63CoF_6^{3-}

B

Cu2Cl2Cu_2Cl_2 and NiCl42NiCl_4^{2-}

C

TiF62TiF_6^{2-} and Cu2Cl2Cu_2Cl_2

D

CoF63CoF_6^{3-} and NiCl42NiCl_4^{2-}

Step-by-Step Solution

The colour of transition metal complexes is generally due to d-d electronic transitions. For this to occur, the metal ion must possess an incomplete d-subshell (d1d^1 to d9d^9) containing unpaired electrons. Ions with empty (d0d^0) or fully filled (d10d^{10}) d-orbitals do not exhibit d-d transitions and are typically colourless.

Let's analyze the oxidation state and electronic configuration of the metal in each species:

  1. TiF62TiF_6^{2-}: Titanium (Z=22, [Ar]3d24s2[Ar]3d^2 4s^2). Oxidation state: x+6(1)=2x=+4x + 6(-1) = -2 \Rightarrow x = +4. Configuration of Ti4+Ti^{4+} is [Ar]3d0[Ar]3d^0. Since it has no d-electrons (d0d^0), it is colourless .
  2. Cu2Cl2Cu_2Cl_2: Copper (Z=29, [Ar]3d104s1[Ar]3d^{10} 4s^1). This is copper(I) chloride. Oxidation state: 2x+2(1)=0x=+12x + 2(-1) = 0 \Rightarrow x = +1. Configuration of Cu+Cu^+ is [Ar]3d10[Ar]3d^{10}. Since the d-subshell is fully filled (d10d^{10}), d-d transitions are not possible, making it colourless .
  3. CoF63CoF_6^{3-}: Cobalt (Z=27). Oxidation state is +3. Configuration of Co3+Co^{3+} is 3d63d^6. It has unpaired electrons and is coloured.
  4. NiCl42NiCl_4^{2-}: Nickel (Z=28). Oxidation state is +2. Configuration of Ni2+Ni^{2+} is 3d83d^8. It has unpaired electrons and is coloured.

Therefore, the colourless species are TiF62TiF_6^{2-} and Cu2Cl2Cu_2Cl_2.

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