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NEET CHEMISTRYEasy

Which of the following aqueous solutions of electrolytes will exhibit the least elevation in boiling point?

A

0.05 M NaCl

B

0.1 M KCl

C

0.1 M MgSO4MgSO_4

D

0.1 M NaCl

Step-by-Step Solution

Elevation in boiling point (ΔTb\Delta T_b) is a colligative property, which means it depends on the total number of solute particles in the solution . For electrolytes, ΔTb=i×Kb×m\Delta T_b = i \times K_b \times m, where ii is the van't Hoff factor. For dilute aqueous solutions, molarity (MM) is approximately equal to molality (mm).

Let's calculate the effective concentration of particles (i×Mi \times M) assuming complete dissociation:

  1. 0.05 M NaCl: Dissociates into Na+Na^+ and ClCl^-, so i=2i=2. Effective concentration = 2×0.05=0.102 \times 0.05 = 0.10 M.
  2. 0.1 M KCl: Dissociates into K+K^+ and ClCl^-, so i=2i=2. Effective concentration = 2×0.1=0.202 \times 0.1 = 0.20 M.
  3. 0.1 M MgSO4MgSO_4: Dissociates into Mg2+Mg^{2+} and SO42SO_4^{2-}, so i=2i=2. Effective concentration = 2×0.1=0.202 \times 0.1 = 0.20 M.
  4. 0.1 M NaCl: Dissociates into Na+Na^+ and ClCl^-, so i=2i=2. Effective concentration = 2×0.1=0.202 \times 0.1 = 0.20 M.

Since 0.05 M NaCl has the lowest effective particle concentration (0.10 M), it will exhibit the least elevation in boiling point.

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