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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

The compound with the highest pH among the following is:

A

CH3COOK\text{CH}_3\text{COOK}

B

Na2CO3\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3

C

NH4Cl\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}

D

NaNO3\text{NaNO}_3

Step-by-Step Solution

The pH of a salt solution depends on the relative strengths of the acid and base from which it is formed:

  1. NaNO3\text{NaNO}_3 is a salt of a strong acid (HNO3\text{HNO}_3) and a strong base (NaOH\text{NaOH}). Its aqueous solution does not undergo hydrolysis and remains neutral with pH=7\text{pH} = 7 .
  2. NH4Cl\text{NH}_4\text{Cl} is a salt of a strong acid (HCl\text{HCl}) and a weak base (NH4OH\text{NH}_4\text{OH}). It undergoes cationic hydrolysis to form an acidic solution with pH<7\text{pH} < 7 .
  3. CH3COOK\text{CH}_3\text{COOK} and Na2CO3\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 are salts of weak acids (CH3COOH\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} and H2CO3\text{H}_2\text{CO}_3, respectively) and strong bases (KOH\text{KOH} and NaOH\text{NaOH}). Both undergo anionic hydrolysis to form basic solutions with pH>7\text{pH} > 7 . However, carbonic acid (H2CO3\text{H}_2\text{CO}_3) is a weaker acid than acetic acid (CH3COOH\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}). Because it is formed from a weaker acid, the carbonate ion (CO32\text{CO}_3^{2-}) is a stronger conjugate base than the acetate ion (CH3COO\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-). Therefore, CO32\text{CO}_3^{2-} undergoes hydrolysis to a greater extent, producing a higher concentration of OH\text{OH}^- ions. As a result, the aqueous solution of Na2CO3\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 is more basic and has the highest pH among the given options.
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