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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

For irreversible expansion of an ideal gas under isothermal condition, the correct option is:

A

ΔU=0,ΔStotal=0\Delta U = 0, \Delta S_{\text{total}} = 0

B

ΔU≠0,ΔStotal≠0\Delta U \neq 0, \Delta S_{\text{total}} \neq 0

C

ΔU=0,ΔStotal≠0\Delta U = 0, \Delta S_{\text{total}} \neq 0

D

ΔU≠0,ΔStotal=0\Delta U \neq 0, \Delta S_{\text{total}} = 0

Step-by-Step Solution

For an isothermal process, ΔT=0\Delta T = 0, so ΔU=nCvΔT=0\Delta U = nC_v\Delta T = 0. For any spontaneous (irreversible) process, the total entropy change ΔStotal>0\Delta S_{\text{total}} > 0.

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