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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

Incorrect order among the following is:

A

NH₃ < PH₃ < AsH₃ – Acidic

B

Li < Be < B < C – 1st Ionization potential

C

Al₂O₃ < MgO < Na₂O < K₂O - Basic

D

Li⁺ < Na⁺ < K⁺ < Cs⁺ - Ionic radius

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's analyze the trends based on periodic properties:

  1. Ionization Potential (Option B): Generally, ionization enthalpy increases across a period. However, there is an anomaly between Group 2 and Group 13. Beryllium (Z=4Z=4) has a stable, completely filled 2s2s subshell (1s22s21s^2 2s^2), whereas Boron (Z=5Z=5) has one electron in the 2p2p subshell (1s22s22p11s^2 2s^2 2p^1). The 2p2p electron in boron is more shielded and easier to remove than the 2s2s electron in beryllium. Consequently, the first ionization enthalpy of Boron is lower than that of Beryllium (IE1(B)<IE1(Be)IE_1(B) < IE_1(Be)). The correct order is Li<B<Be<CLi < B < Be < C. The option stating Li<Be<B<CLi < Be < B < C is therefore incorrect , .

  2. Ionic Radius (Option D): As we move down a group, new electron shells are added, increasing the size of the ion. Thus, the trend Li+<Na+<K+<Cs+Li^+ < Na^+ < K^+ < Cs^+ is correct , .

  3. Basic Nature of Oxides (Option C): Metallic character increases down a group and decreases across a period. More metallic elements form more basic oxides. Potassium (KK) is more metallic than Sodium (NaNa), which is more metallic than Magnesium (MgMg). Aluminum (AlAl) forms amphoteric oxides. Therefore, the basic strength order Al2O3<MgO<Na2O<K2OAl_2O_3 < MgO < Na_2O < K_2O is correct .

  4. Acidic Nature of Hydrides (Option A): For Group 15 hydrides, as the size of the central atom increases (N<P<AsN < P < As), the E–H bond strength decreases, making it easier to release a proton (H+H^+). Thus, acidic character increases down the group: NH3<PH3<AsH3NH_3 < PH_3 < AsH_3. This is correct.

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