Back to Directory
NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

The tendency of BF3\text{BF}_3, BCl3\text{BCl}_3, and BBr3\text{BBr}_3 to behave as Lewis acid decreases in the sequence:

A

BCl3>BF3>BBr3\text{BCl}_3 > \text{BF}_3 > \text{BBr}_3

B

BBr3>BCl3>BF3\text{BBr}_3 > \text{BCl}_3 > \text{BF}_3

C

BBr3>BF3>BCl3\text{BBr}_3 > \text{BF}_3 > \text{BCl}_3

D

BF3>BCl3>BBr3\text{BF}_3 > \text{BCl}_3 > \text{BBr}_3

Step-by-Step Solution

In boron trihalides (BX3\text{BX}_3), the central boron atom has an empty 2p2p orbital and the halogen atoms have lone pairs in their pp orbitals. The lone pair of electrons from the halogen can be donated to the empty 2p2p orbital of boron, forming a pπpπp\pi-p\pi back bond. This reduces the electron deficiency of boron, decreasing its Lewis acid character. The effectiveness of back bonding is maximum in BF3\text{BF}_3 because both boron and fluorine have 2p2p orbitals of similar size, leading to strong orbital overlap. As the size of the halogen atom increases from F\text{F} to Br\text{Br} (F:2p\text{F}: 2p, Cl:3p\text{Cl}: 3p, Br:4p\text{Br}: 4p), the size mismatch between the overlapping orbitals increases, making back bonding progressively weaker. Consequently, the electron deficiency of boron remains higher for larger halogens, increasing their Lewis acid strength. Thus, the Lewis acid strength increases in the order BF3<BCl3<BBr3\text{BF}_3 < \text{BCl}_3 < \text{BBr}_3. Therefore, the decreasing sequence is BBr3>BCl3>BF3\text{BBr}_3 > \text{BCl}_3 > \text{BF}_3.

Practice Mode Available

Master this Topic on Sushrut

Join thousands of students and practice with AI-generated mock tests.

Get Started