Which of the following molecules acts as a Lewis acid?
According to the Lewis concept, an acid is a chemical species that can accept an electron pair. Boron in (trimethylborane) has only six electrons in its valence shell after forming three single bonds. Being an electron-deficient species, it can accept an electron pair to complete its octet, thus acting as a Lewis acid. In contrast, oxygen in , phosphorus in , and nitrogen in have lone pairs of electrons that they can donate, meaning they act as Lewis bases.
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