A pair that contains both the ions coloured in an aqueous solution is: (At. no. : Sc = 21, Ti = 22, Ni = 28, Cu = 29, Co = 27)
Ni²⁺, Ti³⁺
Sc³⁺, Ti³⁺
Sc³⁺, Co²⁺
Ni²⁺, Cu⁺
The colour of transition metal ions in aqueous solution is largely due to d-d transitions of electrons. This phenomenon occurs when the metal ion has an incomplete d-subshell ( to ). Ions with empty () or fully filled () d-orbitals are typically colourless.
Let's analyze the electronic configurations:
Only the pair contains two ions that both have incompletely filled d-orbitals and exhibit colour in aqueous solution .
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