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A pair that contains both the ions coloured in an aqueous solution is: (At. no. : Sc = 21, Ti = 22, Ni = 28, Cu = 29, Co = 27)

A

Ni²⁺, Ti³⁺

B

Sc³⁺, Ti³⁺

C

Sc³⁺, Co²⁺

D

Ni²⁺, Cu⁺

Step-by-Step Solution

The colour of transition metal ions in aqueous solution is largely due to d-d transitions of electrons. This phenomenon occurs when the metal ion has an incomplete d-subshell (d1d^1 to d9d^9). Ions with empty (d0d^0) or fully filled (d10d^{10}) d-orbitals are typically colourless.

Let's analyze the electronic configurations:

  1. Sc3+Sc^{3+} (Z=21): [Ar]3d0[Ar] 3d^0. Empty d-orbitals. Colourless.
  2. Ti3+Ti^{3+} (Z=22): [Ar]3d1[Ar] 3d^1. One unpaired electron. Purple.
  3. Ni2+Ni^{2+} (Z=28): [Ar]3d8[Ar] 3d^8. Two unpaired electrons. Green.
  4. Cu+Cu^{+} (Z=29): [Ar]3d10[Ar] 3d^{10}. Fully filled d-orbitals. Colourless.
  5. Co2+Co^{2+} (Z=27): [Ar]3d7[Ar] 3d^7. Three unpaired electrons. Pink.

Only the pair Ni2+,Ti3+Ni^{2+}, Ti^{3+} contains two ions that both have incompletely filled d-orbitals and exhibit colour in aqueous solution .

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