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NEET CHEMISTRYEasy

Which of the following species contains three bond pairs and one lone pair around the central atom?

A

H₂O

B

BF₃

C

NH₂⁻

D

PCl₃

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Analyze PCl₃ (Phosphorus Trichloride): The central Phosphorus atom (Group 15) has 5 valence electrons. It forms 3 sigma bonds with Chlorine atoms.
  • Bond Pairs (BP) = 3
  • Lone Pairs (LP) = 5−32=1\frac{5 - 3}{2} = 1
  • Result: 3 Bond Pairs + 1 Lone Pair.
  1. Analyze H₂O: Oxygen (Group 16) has 6 valence electrons. Forms 2 bonds with Hydrogen.
  • BP = 2
  • LP = 6−22=2\frac{6 - 2}{2} = 2
  • Result: 2 BP + 2 LP.
  1. Analyze BF₃: Boron (Group 13) has 3 valence electrons. Forms 3 bonds with Fluorine.
  • BP = 3
  • LP = 3−32=0\frac{3 - 3}{2} = 0
  • Result: 3 BP + 0 LP.
  1. Analyze NH₂⁻: Nitrogen (Group 15) has 5 valence electrons. The negative charge adds 1 electron, total 6. Forms 2 bonds with Hydrogen.
  • BP = 2
  • LP = 6−22=2\frac{6 - 2}{2} = 2
  • Result: 2 BP + 2 LP.
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