A cell reaction becomes spontaneous when:
is negative
is positive
is positive
is negative
The spontaneity of a reaction is determined by the Gibbs free energy change (). For a cell reaction to be spontaneous, the free energy of the system must decrease, which means (or under standard conditions) must be negative. The relationship between standard Gibbs free energy and standard cell potential is given by the equation: . Since (number of moles of electrons) and (Faraday constant) are positive values, will be negative only when the overall cell potential is positive.
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