Back to Directory
NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

A complex ion among the following that can absorb visible light is: (At. no. Zn = 30, Sc = 21, Ti = 22, Cr = 24)

A

[Sc(H₂O)₃(NH₃)₃]³⁺

B

[Ti(en)₂(NH₃)₂]⁴⁺

C

[Cr(NH₃)₆]³⁺

D

[Zn(NH₃)₆]²⁺

Step-by-Step Solution

The colour of coordination compounds and their ability to absorb visible light is primarily due to d-d transitions of electrons within the split d-orbitals. For this to occur, the central metal ion must have an incomplete d-subshell (unpaired electrons, configuration d1d^1 to d9d^9). Ions with d0d^0 (empty) or d10d^{10} (fully filled) configurations do not undergo d-d transitions and are typically colourless.

Let's analyze the electronic configuration of the central metal ion in each option:

  1. [Sc(H₂O)₃(NH₃)₃]³⁺: Sc is in the +3 oxidation state. Configuration of Sc (Z=21) is [Ar]3d14s2[Ar]3d^1 4s^2. Sc3+Sc^{3+} is 3d03d^0. No d-electrons, so no colour.
  2. [Ti(en)₂(NH₃)₂]⁴⁺: Ti is in the +4 oxidation state. Configuration of Ti (Z=22) is [Ar]3d24s2[Ar]3d^2 4s^2. Ti4+Ti^{4+} is 3d03d^0. No d-electrons, so no colour.
  3. [Zn(NH₃)₆]²⁺: Zn is in the +2 oxidation state. Configuration of Zn (Z=30) is [Ar]3d104s2[Ar]3d^{10} 4s^2. Zn2+Zn^{2+} is 3d103d^{10}. Fully filled d-orbitals, so no d-d transitions possible. Colourless.
  4. [Cr(NH₃)₆]³⁺: Cr is in the +3 oxidation state. Configuration of Cr (Z=24) is [Ar]3d54s1[Ar]3d^5 4s^1. Cr3+Cr^{3+} is 3d33d^3. It has 3 unpaired electrons in the t2gt_{2g} level. d-d transitions are possible, so it absorbs visible light and appears coloured .
Practice Mode Available

Master this Topic on Sushrut

Join thousands of students and practice with AI-generated mock tests.

Get Started