A complex ion among the following that can absorb visible light is: (At. no. Zn = 30, Sc = 21, Ti = 22, Cr = 24)
[Sc(H₂O)₃(NH₃)₃]³⁺
[Ti(en)₂(NH₃)₂]⁴⁺
[Cr(NH₃)₆]³⁺
[Zn(NH₃)₆]²⁺
The colour of coordination compounds and their ability to absorb visible light is primarily due to d-d transitions of electrons within the split d-orbitals. For this to occur, the central metal ion must have an incomplete d-subshell (unpaired electrons, configuration to ). Ions with (empty) or (fully filled) configurations do not undergo d-d transitions and are typically colourless.
Let's analyze the electronic configuration of the central metal ion in each option:
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