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NEET CHEMISTRYEasy

Four successive members of the first series of the transition metals are listed below. For which one of them does the standard potential (E° M²⁺/M) value have a positive sign?

A

Ni (Z = 28)

B

Cu (Z = 29)

C

Fe (Z = 26)

D

Co (Z = 27)

Step-by-Step Solution

According to the NCERT text and Table 4.2, the standard electrode potential values (EM2+/ME^{\ominus}_{M^{2+}/M}) for the given elements are:

  1. Fe (Z=26): 0.44 V-0.44 \text{ V}
  2. Co (Z=27): 0.28 V-0.28 \text{ V}
  3. Ni (Z=28): 0.25 V-0.25 \text{ V}
  4. Cu (Z=29): +0.34 V+0.34 \text{ V}

Copper (Cu) is the only metal in the first transition series (3d series) that has a positive standard electrode potential (+0.34 V+0.34 \text{ V}). This unique behavior indicates that copper is unable to liberate hydrogen from acids. The positive value arises because the high energy required to transform Cu(s)Cu(s) to Cu2+(aq)Cu^{2+}(aq) (sum of high enthalpy of atomisation and ionisation) is not balanced by its hydration enthalpy .

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