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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

The reaction A \rightarrow B follows first-order kinetics. The time taken for 0.8 mol0.8 \text{ mol} of A to produce 0.6 mol0.6 \text{ mol} of B is 1 hour1 \text{ hour}. The time taken for the conversion of 0.9 mol0.9 \text{ mol} of A to produce 0.675 mol0.675 \text{ mol} of B will be:

A

1 hour

B

0.5 hour

C

0.25 hour

D

2 hour

Step-by-Step Solution

For a first-order reaction, the time required for a specific fractional conversion (or percentage decomposition) is independent of the initial concentration .

In the first case: Initial amount of A, [A]0=0.8 mol[A]_0 = 0.8 \text{ mol} Amount of A reacted to form B = 0.6 mol0.6 \text{ mol} Amount of A remaining, [A]t=0.80.6=0.2 mol[A]_t = 0.8 - 0.6 = 0.2 \text{ mol} Fraction of A remaining = 0.20.8=14\frac{0.2}{0.8} = \frac{1}{4} Time taken = 1 hour.

In the second case: Initial amount of A, [A]0=0.9 mol[A]'_0 = 0.9 \text{ mol} Amount of A reacted to form B = 0.675 mol0.675 \text{ mol} Amount of A remaining, [A]t=0.90.675=0.225 mol[A]'_t = 0.9 - 0.675 = 0.225 \text{ mol} Fraction of A remaining = 0.2250.9=14\frac{0.225}{0.9} = \frac{1}{4}

Since the fraction of reactant remaining (14\frac{1}{4}) is the same in both cases, the extent of the reaction is identical (both require exactly 2 half-lives to complete). Therefore, the time taken will be exactly the same, i.e., 1 hour1 \text{ hour}.

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