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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

Identify A, X, Y, and Z in the reaction sequence involving Ethanal (A):

  1. A → X (Reduction)
  2. A → Y (Aldol Condensation)
  3. A → Z (Reaction with Semicarbazide)
A

Methoxy-methane, Ethanol, Ethanoic acid, Semicarbazone

B

Ethanal, Ethanol, But-2-enal, Semicarbazone

C

Ethanol, Acetaldehyde, Butanone, Hydrazone

D

Methoxy-methane, Ethanoic acid, Acetate, Hydrazine

Step-by-Step Solution

Based on the options and standard reactions of aldehydes found in the NCERT curriculum:

  1. Compound A (Ethanal/Acetaldehyde): The central reactant.
  2. Product X (Ethanol): Formed by the reduction of Ethanal using reducing agents like NaBH4NaBH_4, LiAlH4LiAlH_4, or catalytic hydrogenation (CH3CHO+H2→CH3CH2OHCH_3CHO + H_2 \rightarrow CH_3CH_2OH).
  3. Product Y (But-2-enal): Formed by the Aldol Condensation of two molecules of Ethanal in the presence of dilute alkali, followed by dehydration upon heating. 2CH3CHO→dil.NaOHCH3CH(OH)CH2CHO→ΔCH3CH=CHCHO+H2O2CH_3CHO \xrightarrow{dil. NaOH} CH_3CH(OH)CH_2CHO \xrightarrow{\Delta} CH_3CH=CHCHO + H_2O
  4. Product Z (Semicarbazone): Formed by the nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction of Ethanal with Semicarbazide (NH2CONHNH2NH_2CONHNH_2) in a weakly acidic medium. CH3CHO+NH2CONHNH2→CH3CH=NNHCONH2+H2OCH_3CHO + NH_2CONHNH_2 \rightarrow CH_3CH=NNHCONH_2 + H_2O
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