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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

The formation of a solution from two components can be considered as: (i) Pure solvent → separated solvent molecules, ∆H₁ (ii) Pure solute → separated solute molecules, ∆H₂ (iii) Separated solvent and solute molecules → solution, ∆H₃ The solution so formed will be ideal if:

A

∆H_soln = ∆H₁ + ∆H₂ + ∆H₃

B

∆H_soln = ∆H₁ + ∆H₂ - ∆H₃

C

∆H_soln = ∆H₁ - ∆H₂ - ∆H₃

D

∆H_soln = ∆H₃ - ∆H₁ - ∆H₂

Step-by-Step Solution

According to Hess's law, the total enthalpy of solution (∆H_soln) is the sum of the enthalpy changes of the individual steps involved in the formation of the solution:

  1. Separation of solvent molecules (∆H₁)
  2. Separation of solute molecules (∆H₂)
  3. Mixing of the separated solute and solvent molecules to form the solution (∆H₃) Thus, ∆H_soln = ∆H₁ + ∆H₂ + ∆H₃. For an ideal solution, the total enthalpy of solution (or mixing) is zero (∆H_soln = 0), which implies ∆H₁ + ∆H₂ + ∆H₃ = 0.
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