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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

The electronic configurations of Eu\text{Eu} (Atomic no. 6363), Gd\text{Gd} (Atomic no. 6464), and Tb\text{Tb} (Atomic no. 6565) are, respectively:

A

[Xe]4f65d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^6 5d^1 6s^2, [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2, and [Xe]4f96s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^9 6s^2

B

[Xe]4f65d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^6 5d^1 6s^2, [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2, and [Xe]4f85d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^8 5d^1 6s^2

C

[Xe]4f76s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 6s^2, [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2, and [Xe]4f96s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^9 6s^2

D

[Xe]4f76s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 6s^2, [Xe]4f86s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^8 6s^2, and [Xe]4f85d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^8 5d^1 6s^2

Step-by-Step Solution

The electronic configurations of the given lanthanoids are based on the general configuration [Xe]4f1145d016s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^{1-14} 5d^{0-1} 6s^2:

  • Europium (Eu, Z = 63): The nearest noble gas is Xenon (Z=54Z=54). It has 9 valence electrons. Due to the extra stability of a half-filled f-subshell, its configuration is [Xe]4f76s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 6s^2.
  • Gadolinium (Gd, Z = 64): It has 10 valence electrons. To maintain the highly stable half-filled 4f74f^7 configuration, the additional electron enters the 5d5d orbital. Thus, its configuration is [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2.
  • Terbium (Tb, Z = 65): It has 11 valence electrons. The 5d5d electron shifts back to the 4f4f subshell as the 4f4f energy level becomes lower, resulting in the configuration [Xe]4f96s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^9 6s^2.
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