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NEET CHEMISTRYMedium

In the preparation of alkene from alcohol using Al₂O₃, which is an effective factor?

A

Porosity of Al₂O₃

B

Temperature

C

Concentration

D

Surface area of Al₂O₃

Step-by-Step Solution

The dehydration of alcohols involves passing alcohol vapours over heated alumina (Al₂O₃). The reaction is highly temperature-dependent, which determines the major product formed:

  1. At Higher Temperatures (approx. 633 K): Intramolecular dehydration (elimination) dominates, leading to the formation of Alkenes .
  2. At Lower Temperatures (approx. 513–523 K): Intermolecular dehydration (substitution) dominates, leading to the formation of Ethers. Therefore, temperature is the effective factor that controls the selectivity of the reaction toward alkenes.
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