For an adiabatic process, the relation between pressure and volume is $P_1 V_1^\gamma = P_2 V_2^\gamma$. For a monoatomic gas, the ratio of specific heats is $\gamma = \frac{5}{3}$. Given: $P_1 = p_1$ $V_2 = \frac{V_1}{8}$ Substituting these values into the equation: $p_1 V_1^{\frac{5}{3}} = P_2 \left(\frac{V_1}{8}\right)^{\frac{5}{3}}$ $P_2 = p_1 \left(\frac{V_1}{V_1 / 8}\right)^{\frac{5}{3}} = p_1 (8)^{\frac{5}{3}} = p_1 (2^3)^{\frac{5}{3}} = p_1(2^5) = 32 p_1$. Thus, the final pressure of the gas is $32 p_1$.