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NEET PHYSICSEasy

The two ends of a metal rod are maintained at temperatures 100C100 ^\circ\text{C} and 110C110 ^\circ\text{C}. The rate of heat flow in the rod is found to be 4.0 J/s4.0 \text{ J/s}. If the ends are maintained at temperatures 200C200 ^\circ\text{C} and 210C210 ^\circ\text{C}, the rate of heat flow will be:

A

44.0 J/s44.0 \text{ J/s}

B

16.8 J/s16.8 \text{ J/s}

C

8.0 J/s8.0 \text{ J/s}

D

4.0 J/s4.0 \text{ J/s}

Step-by-Step Solution

The rate of heat flow through a rod by conduction is given by H=ΔQΔt=KAΔTLH = \frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta t} = \frac{KA\Delta T}{L}, where KK is the thermal conductivity, AA is the cross-sectional area, LL is the length, and ΔT\Delta T is the temperature difference between the ends. In the first case, ΔT1=110C100C=10C\Delta T_1 = 110 ^\circ\text{C} - 100 ^\circ\text{C} = 10 ^\circ\text{C}. The rate of heat flow is H1=4.0 J/sH_1 = 4.0 \text{ J/s}. In the second case, ΔT2=210C200C=10C\Delta T_2 = 210 ^\circ\text{C} - 200 ^\circ\text{C} = 10 ^\circ\text{C}. Since the temperature difference ΔT\Delta T is the same in both cases and the dimensions and material of the rod remain unchanged, the rate of heat flow will be the same (assuming the thermal conductivity KK is essentially constant over this temperature range). Therefore, H2=H1=4.0 J/sH_2 = H_1 = 4.0 \text{ J/s}.

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