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NEET PHYSICSEasy

The ratio of the radius of gyration of a solid sphere of mass MM and radius RR about its own axis to the radius of gyration of the thin hollow sphere of the same mass and radius about its axis is:

A

5:25:2

B

3:5\sqrt{3}:\sqrt{5}

C

5:35:3

D

2:52:5

Step-by-Step Solution

The moment of inertia of a solid sphere of mass MM and radius RR about its own axis is Isolid=25MR2I_{\text{solid}} = \frac{2}{5}MR^2. Its radius of gyration Ksolid=IsolidM=25RK_{\text{solid}} = \sqrt{\frac{I_{\text{solid}}}{M}} = \sqrt{\frac{2}{5}}R.

The moment of inertia of a thin hollow sphere (spherical shell) of mass MM and radius RR about its axis is Ihollow=23MR2I_{\text{hollow}} = \frac{2}{3}MR^2. Its radius of gyration Khollow=IhollowM=23RK_{\text{hollow}} = \sqrt{\frac{I_{\text{hollow}}}{M}} = \sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}R.

The ratio of their radii of gyration is: KsolidKhollow=25R23R=25×32=35\frac{K_{\text{solid}}}{K_{\text{hollow}}} = \frac{\sqrt{\frac{2}{5}}R}{\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}R} = \sqrt{\frac{2}{5} \times \frac{3}{2}} = \sqrt{\frac{3}{5}}. Thus, the ratio is 3:5\sqrt{3}:\sqrt{5}.

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