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NEET PHYSICSEasy

The electrostatic force on a small sphere of charge 0.4μC0.4 \, \mu\text{C} due to another small sphere of charge 0.8μC-0.8 \, \mu\text{C} in the air is 0.2N0.2 \, \text{N}. The distance between the two spheres is:

A

14 cm

B

12 cm

C

16 cm

D

10 cm

Step-by-Step Solution

The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges is given by Coulomb's Law: F=kq1q2r2F = k \frac{|q_1 q_2|}{r^2}.

Given: F=0.2NF = 0.2 \, \text{N} q1=0.4μC=0.4×106Cq_1 = 0.4 \, \mu\text{C} = 0.4 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{C} q2=0.8μC=0.8×106C|q_2| = |-0.8 \, \mu\text{C}| = 0.8 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{C} k=9×109N m2C2k = 9 \times 10^9 \, \text{N m}^2\text{C}^{-2}

Rearranging the formula to solve for distance rr: r2=kq1q2F=(9×109)(0.4×106)(0.8×106)0.2r^2 = \frac{k |q_1 q_2|}{F} = \frac{(9 \times 10^9)(0.4 \times 10^{-6})(0.8 \times 10^{-6})}{0.2} r2=2.88×1030.2=14.4×103=144×104m2r^2 = \frac{2.88 \times 10^{-3}}{0.2} = 14.4 \times 10^{-3} = 144 \times 10^{-4} \, \text{m}^2 Taking the square root: r=144×104=12×102m=12cmr = \sqrt{144 \times 10^{-4}} = 12 \times 10^{-2} \, \text{m} = 12 \, \text{cm}.

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