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The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. The energy needed to ionise the atom from its second excited state is:

A

1.51 eV

B

3.4 eV

C

13.6 eV

D

12.1 eV

Step-by-Step Solution

The energy of an electron in the nn-th orbit of a hydrogen atom is given by En=13.6n2E_n = -\frac{13.6}{n^2} eV . The ground state corresponds to n=1n=1. The 'second excited state' corresponds to the principal quantum number n=3n=3 (as n=2n=2 is the first excited state).

Calculating the energy of the electron in the n=3n=3 orbit: E3=13.632 eV=13.69 eV1.51 eVE_3 = -\frac{13.6}{3^2} \text{ eV} = -\frac{13.6}{9} \text{ eV} \approx -1.51 \text{ eV}.

The ionization energy is the energy required to remove the electron from this state to infinity (where energy is 0). Ionization Energy = EE3=0(1.51) eV=+1.51 eVE_{\infty} - E_3 = 0 - (-1.51) \text{ eV} = +1.51 \text{ eV}.

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