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The V-I graph for a conductor at temperatures T1T_1 and T2T_2 are as shown in the figure. The term (T2T1)(T_2 - T_1) is proportional to:

A

cos2θ\cos 2\theta

B

sinθ\sin \theta

C

cot2θ\cot 2\theta

D

tanθ\tan \theta

Step-by-Step Solution

From Ohm's Law, the resistance RR is the slope of the V-I graph (R=tanϕR = \tan \phi) . Resistance increases linearly with temperature for conductors: ΔTΔR\Delta T \propto \Delta R .

Given the answer cot2θ\cot 2\theta, the problem implies a specific geometric setup where the two lines are inclined at angles θ\theta and 90θ90^\circ - \theta to the current axis (indicating symmetry).

  1. Let the slope at T1T_1 be R1=tanθR_1 = \tan \theta.
  2. Let the slope at T2T_2 be R2=tan(90θ)=cotθR_2 = \tan(90^\circ - \theta) = \cot \theta.
  3. The temperature difference is proportional to the resistance difference: (T2T1)(R2R1)=cotθtanθ(T_2 - T_1) \propto (R_2 - R_1) = \cot \theta - \tan \theta.
  4. Using the trigonometric identity cotθtanθ=cos2θsin2θsinθcosθ=2cos2θsin2θ=2cot2θ\cot \theta - \tan \theta = \frac{\cos^2 \theta - \sin^2 \theta}{\sin \theta \cos \theta} = \frac{2 \cos 2\theta}{\sin 2\theta} = 2 \cot 2\theta. Therefore, the temperature difference is proportional to cot2θ\cot 2\theta.
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