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NEET PHYSICSMedium

During an isothermal expansion, a confined ideal gas does 150 J-150\text{ J} of work against its surrounding. This implies that:

A

300 J300\text{ J} of heat has been added to the gas.

B

no heat is transferred because the process is isothermal.

C

150 J150\text{ J} of heat has been added to the gas.

D

150 J150\text{ J} of heat has been removed from the gas.

Step-by-Step Solution

According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, the relationship between heat (QQ), internal energy (DeltaU\\Delta U), and work (WW) is given by Q=DeltaU+WQ = \\Delta U + W (using the Physics sign convention where WW is work done by the gas).

  1. Isothermal Process: Since the process is isothermal (constant temperature) and involves an ideal gas, the internal energy change is zero (DeltaU=0\\Delta U = 0).
  2. First Law Application: Substituting DeltaU=0\\Delta U = 0 into the First Law equation gives Q=WQ = W.
  3. Calculation: The problem states the gas does 150 J-150\text{ J} of work against its surroundings. Thus, W=150 JW = -150\text{ J}. Q=150 JQ = -150\text{ J} The negative sign for heat (QQ) indicates that heat is released or removed from the system.

Therefore, 150 J150\text{ J} of heat has been removed from the gas.

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