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A proton carrying 1 MeV kinetic energy is moving in a circular path of radius R in a uniform magnetic field. What should be the energy of an lpha-particle to describe a circle of the same radius in the same field?

A

2 MeV

B

1 MeV

C

0.5 MeV

D

4 MeV

Step-by-Step Solution

According to the sources, a charged particle moving perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field follows a circular path with a radius rr defined by the formula r=mvqBr = \frac{mv}{qB} . Kinetic energy (KK) is related to the mass (mm) and velocity (vv) of a particle such that its momentum mvmv can be expressed as 2mK\sqrt{2mK} . Substituting this into the radius equation yields r=2mKqBr = \frac{\sqrt{2mK}}{qB} . An α\alpha-particle possesses a mass approximately four times that of a proton (mα4mpm_\alpha \approx 4m_p) and a charge twice that of a proton (qα=2qpq_\alpha = 2q_p) . Given that the radius (RR) and magnetic field (BB) are identical for both particles, the relationship mpKpqp2=mαKαqα2\frac{m_p K_p}{q_p^2} = \frac{m_\alpha K_\alpha}{q_\alpha^2} must be satisfied . Substituting the known ratios and the proton's kinetic energy (Kp=1 MeVK_p = 1 \text{ MeV}): mp1qp2=4mpKα(2qp)2\frac{m_p \cdot 1}{q_p^2} = \frac{4m_p \cdot K_\alpha}{(2q_p)^2}, which simplifies to 1=4Kα41 = \frac{4 K_\alpha}{4}. Thus, the energy of the α\alpha-particle is 1 MeV1 \text{ MeV}.

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