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A p-n photodiode is fabricated from a semiconductor with a band gap of 2.5 eV2.5 \text{ eV}. It can detect a signal of wavelength:

A

6000 A˚6000 \text{ \AA}

B

4000 nm4000 \text{ nm}

C

6000 nm6000 \text{ nm}

D

4000 A˚4000 \text{ \AA}

Step-by-Step Solution

A photodiode can detect a signal if the energy of the incident photon is greater than or equal to the band gap energy of the semiconductor (EEgE \ge E_g). This implies that the wavelength of the incident signal must be less than or equal to the maximum threshold wavelength (λλmax\lambda \le \lambda_{max}). Given, Eg=2.5 eVE_g = 2.5 \text{ eV}. We know that Eg=hcλmaxE_g = \frac{hc}{\lambda_{max}}. Using the standard approximation hc12400 eVA˚hc \approx 12400 \text{ eV} \cdot \text{\AA} or 1242 eVnm1242 \text{ eV} \cdot \text{nm}: λmax=12400 eVA˚2.5 eV=4960 A˚\lambda_{max} = \frac{12400 \text{ eV} \cdot \text{\AA}}{2.5 \text{ eV}} = 4960 \text{ \AA} For the photodiode to detect the signal, the wavelength λ\lambda must be 4960 A˚\le 4960 \text{ \AA}. Checking the options: Option A: 6000 A˚>4960 A˚6000 \text{ \AA} > 4960 \text{ \AA} (Cannot detect) Option B: 4000 nm=40000 A˚>4960 A˚4000 \text{ nm} = 40000 \text{ \AA} > 4960 \text{ \AA} (Cannot detect) Option C: 6000 nm=60000 A˚>4960 A˚6000 \text{ nm} = 60000 \text{ \AA} > 4960 \text{ \AA} (Cannot detect) Option D: 4000 A˚<4960 A˚4000 \text{ \AA} < 4960 \text{ \AA} (Can detect) Therefore, the photodiode can detect the signal of wavelength 4000 A˚4000 \text{ \AA}.

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