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The equivalent resistance of the infinite network given below is:

A

2 \Omega

B

(1 + √2) \Omega

C

(1 + √3) \Omega

D

(1 + √5) \Omega

Step-by-Step Solution

For an infinite ladder network, adding one more repeating unit to the chain does not change the total equivalent resistance (ReqR_{eq}). Assuming the network consists of repeating units with a series resistor R1=2 ΩR_1 = 2\ \Omega and a parallel resistor R2=1 ΩR_2 = 1\ \Omega (which yields the given answer), the equivalent resistance satisfies the equation: Req=R1+ReqR2Req+R2R_{eq} = R_1 + \frac{R_{eq}R_2}{R_{eq} + R_2}. Substituting values: Req=2+Req(1)Req+1R_{eq} = 2 + \frac{R_{eq}(1)}{R_{eq} + 1}. Rearranging gives the quadratic equation: Req22Req2=0R_{eq}^2 - 2R_{eq} - 2 = 0. Solving for ReqR_{eq} using the quadratic formula: Req=2±44(1)(2)2=2±122=1±3R_{eq} = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{4 - 4(1)(-2)}}{2} = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{12}}{2} = 1 \pm \sqrt{3}. Since resistance cannot be negative, Req=(1+3) ΩR_{eq} = (1 + \sqrt{3})\ \Omega.

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