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If in a p-n junction, a square input signal of 10 V10\text{ V} is applied as shown, then the output across RLR_L will be:

A

[Image of Option 1]

B

[Image of Option 2]

C

[Image of Option 3]

D

[Image of Option 4]

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Half-Wave Rectification: A single p-n junction diode in series with a load resistor RLR_L forms a half-wave rectifier circuit.
  2. Forward Bias: During the positive half-cycle of the input square wave, the diode becomes forward-biased and conducts current. The output voltage across RLR_L will track the positive input voltage (e.g., if the input is +5 V+5\text{ V}, the output is approximately +5 V+5\text{ V}).
  3. Reverse Bias: During the negative half-cycle, the diode becomes reverse-biased. It acts as an open switch and blocks the current. The output voltage across RLR_L will be zero.
  4. Conclusion: The output waveform will consist only of the positive pulses of the input square wave, with zero voltage during the negative half-cycles. Option 4 correctly represents this rectified output.
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