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NEET PHYSICSMedium

A solid sphere is in rolling motion. In rolling motion, a body possesses translational kinetic energy (KtK_t) as well as rotational kinetic energy (KrK_r) simultaneously. The ratio Kt:(Kt+Kr)K_t : (K_t + K_r) for the sphere will be:

A

7:10

B

5:7

C

10:7

D

2:5

Step-by-Step Solution

For a solid sphere in rolling motion: Translational kinetic energy, Kt=12mv2K_t = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 Rotational kinetic energy, Kr=12Iω2K_r = \frac{1}{2}I\omega^2 The moment of inertia of a solid sphere about its diameter is I=25mr2I = \frac{2}{5}mr^2. In pure rolling, v=rωv = r\omega. Substituting these values: Kr=12(25mr2)(vr)2=15mv2K_r = \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{5}mr^2\right)\left(\frac{v}{r}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{5}mv^2 Total kinetic energy, Ktotal=Kt+Kr=12mv2+15mv2=710mv2K_{total} = K_t + K_r = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \frac{1}{5}mv^2 = \frac{7}{10}mv^2 The required ratio is KtKt+Kr=12mv2710mv2=12×107=57\frac{K_t}{K_t + K_r} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}mv^2}{\frac{7}{10}mv^2} = \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{10}{7} = \frac{5}{7}. Therefore, the ratio is 5:75:7.

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