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A human body required the 0.01 Curie0.01\text{ Curie} activity of a radioactive substance after 24 hours24\text{ hours}. The half-life of the radioactive substance is 6 hours6\text{ hours}. The maximum activity of the radioactive substance that can be injected will be:

A

0.08

B

0.04

C

0.16

D

0.32

Step-by-Step Solution

Radioactive decay follows first-order kinetics . The activity (AA) of a sample after a period of time is related to its initial activity (A0A_0) by the number of half-lives (nn) that have passed, using the formula A=A0/2nA = A_0 / 2^n .

Given the following data:

  • Final activity required (AA) = 0.01 Curie0.01\text{ Curie}
  • Total time elapsed (tt) = 24 hours24\text{ hours}
  • Half-life (T1/2T_{1/2}) = 6 hours6\text{ hours}
  1. Calculate the number of half-lives (nn): n=tT1/2=246=4n = \frac{t}{T_{1/2}} = \frac{24}{6} = 4 half-lives.

  2. Calculate the initial activity (A0A_0): 0.01=A0240.01 = \frac{A_0}{2^4} 0.01=A0160.01 = \frac{A_0}{16} A0=0.01×16=0.16 CurieA_0 = 0.01 \times 16 = 0.16\text{ Curie}.

Therefore, the initial activity to be injected is 0.16 Curie0.16\text{ Curie}.

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