According to the sources, a current-carrying loop with magnetic moment $\mathbf{m}$ in a uniform magnetic field $\mathbf{B}$ experiences a torque given by $\boldsymbol{\tau} = \mathbf{m} \times \mathbf{B}$, where the magnitude is $\tau = mB \sin \theta$ . Equilibrium occurs when the net torque is zero, which happens when the magnetic moment is either parallel ($\theta = 0^\circ$) or antiparallel ($\theta = 180^\circ$) to the magnetic field .

1. Stable Equilibrium: At $\theta = 0^\circ$, the potential energy $U = -\mathbf{m} \cdot \mathbf{B} = -mB$ is at its minimum. In this orientation, any small displacement results in a restoring torque that brings the loop back to its original position .
2. Unstable Equilibrium: At $\theta = 180^\circ$, the potential energy $U = +mB$ is at its maximum. Any small displacement from this position will cause the loop to rotate away to reach the stable state .

Thus, the loop can be in equilibrium in two orientations: one stable and one unstable.