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A conducting circular loop of face area 2.5×103 m22.5 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^2 is placed perpendicular to a magnetic field which varies as B=0.5sin(100πt) TB=0.5 \sin(100\pi t) \text{ T}. The magnitude of induced EMF at time t=0 st=0 \text{ s} is:

A

0.125π mV0.125\pi \text{ mV}

B

125π mV125\pi \text{ mV}

C

125π V125\pi \text{ V}

D

12.5π mV12.5\pi \text{ mV}

Step-by-Step Solution

According to Faraday's Law of Induction, the magnitude of the induced electromotive force (ε|\varepsilon|) is equal to the rate of change of magnetic flux (ΦB\Phi_B).

1. Calculate Magnetic Flux (ΦB\Phi_B): The flux through the loop is given by ΦB=BA=BAcos(θ)\Phi_B = \mathbf{B} \cdot \mathbf{A} = BA \cos(\theta). Since the loop is placed perpendicular to the magnetic field, the area vector is parallel to the field lines (angle θ=0\theta = 0^\circ), so cos(0)=1\cos(0^\circ) = 1. Given: A=2.5×103 m2A = 2.5 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^2 B=0.5sin(100πt) TB = 0.5 \sin(100\pi t) \text{ T}

ΦB=(0.5sin(100πt))×(2.5×103)\Phi_B = (0.5 \sin(100\pi t)) \times (2.5 \times 10^{-3}) ΦB=1.25×103sin(100πt) Wb\Phi_B = 1.25 \times 10^{-3} \sin(100\pi t) \text{ Wb}

2. Differentiate Flux with respect to time (tt): ε=dΦBdt=ddt[1.25×103sin(100πt)]|\varepsilon| = \left| \frac{d\Phi_B}{dt} \right| = \frac{d}{dt} \left[ 1.25 \times 10^{-3} \sin(100\pi t) \right] ε=1.25×103×(100π)×cos(100πt)|\varepsilon| = 1.25 \times 10^{-3} \times (100\pi) \times \cos(100\pi t) ε=0.125πcos(100πt) V|\varepsilon| = 0.125\pi \cos(100\pi t) \text{ V}

3. Calculate EMF at t=0t = 0: At t=0t = 0, cos(0)=1\cos(0) = 1. εt=0=0.125π V|\varepsilon|_{t=0} = 0.125\pi \text{ V}

4. Convert Units: To convert Volts (V) to millivolts (mV), multiply by 1000: 0.125π V=0.125π×1000 mV=125π mV0.125\pi \text{ V} = 0.125\pi \times 1000 \text{ mV} = 125\pi \text{ mV}.

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