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A spherical ball is dropped into a long column of a highly viscous liquid. The graph that represents the speed of the ball (vv) as a function of time (tt) is:

A

Graph D

B

Graph A

C

Graph B

D

Graph C

Step-by-Step Solution

When a spherical ball is dropped into a viscous liquid, it initially accelerates due to gravity . According to the sources, as the ball's speed (vv) increases, the retarding viscous force acting against its motion also increases (Stokes' Law: F=6πηavF = 6\pi\eta a v) . Consequently, the net downward acceleration decreases over time . Eventually, the sum of the upward viscous force and the buoyant force exactly equals the downward force of gravity . At this equilibrium point, the net force becomes zero, and the ball continues to move at a constant speed known as the terminal velocity (vtv_t) . The velocity-time graph for this motion starts at the origin (zero speed), increases at a decreasing rate, and asymptotically approaches a horizontal line representing the terminal velocity. Graph B (referenced as BBB) correctly depicts this relationship.

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