Solved: PHYSICS Question for NEET

NEET PHYSICSEasy

The average thermal energy for a mono-atomic gas is: ( $k_B$ is Boltzmann constant and $T$ absolute temperature)

$\frac{3}{2}k_B T$

$\frac{5}{2}k_B T$

$\frac{7}{2}k_B T$

$\frac{1}{2}k_B T$

Identify Degrees of Freedom: A mono-atomic gas molecule (like He, Ne, Ar) possesses only translational motion. It can move in three independent directions (x, y, z). Therefore, it has 3 degrees of freedom ( $f=3$ ) .
Apply Law of Equipartition of Energy: According to this law, the average energy associated with each degree of freedom per molecule is $\frac{1}{2}k_B T$ , where $k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant and $T$ is the absolute temperature .
Calculate Total Average Energy: The total average thermal energy per molecule is the sum of energies for all degrees of freedom: $E = f \times \frac{1}{2}k_B T = 3 \times \frac{1}{2}k_B T = \frac{3}{2}k_B T$ .

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