Q1. Which of the following molecules is directly involved in the light-dependent reactions?A. RuBPB. NADP+C. PGAD. PEP
Q2. Which of the following pigments is responsible for absorbing light energy and transferring it to chlorophyll a?A. Chlorophyll bB. XanthophyllC. CarotenoidsD. All of the above
Q3. Which component of the electron transport chain pumps protons across the thylakoid membrane?A. PSIIB. PSIC. Cytochrome b6f complexD. ATP synthase
Q4. Which molecule acts as the primary electron donor in PSII?A. NADPHB. PlastocyaninC. WaterD. Ferredoxin
Q5. Which of the following is the first step in the Calvin cycle?A. ReductionB. RegenerationC. CarboxylationD. Phosphorylation
Q6. Which of the following is an incorrect statement about cyclic photophosphorylation?A. It involves only Photosystem I.B. ATP is produced.C. Oxygen is released as a by-product.D. Electrons return to Photosystem I.
Q7. Which of the following statements about the C4 pathway is correct?A. Carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle occur in the same cell.B. The first stable product is a three-carbon compound.C. PEP carboxylase captures carbon dioxide efficiently.D. It is less efficient in hot and dry conditions.
Q8. What is the main advantage of the C₄ pathway over the C₃ pathway?A. Higher ATP productionB. More efficient CO₂ fixation in high-temperature environmentsC. Lower energy requirementD. More glucose synthesis
Q9. What is the significance of Engelmann’s experiment with Cladophora and aerobic bacteria?A. It showed that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesisB. It demonstrated the wavelengths of light most effective for photosynthesisC. It proved that CO₂ is used in photosynthesisD. It identified oxygen as a product of photosynthesis
Q10. Which of the following factors does NOT directly affect the rate of photosynthesis?A. Light intensityB. CO₂ concentrationC. Oxygen concentrationD. Temperature