Q1. What is the primary function of residual volume in the lungs?A. Enhances oxygen diffusionB. Prevents lung collapseC. Reduces alveolar pressureD. Increases tidal volume
Q2. Which of the following statements about oxygen transport is correct?A. Oxygen is primarily transported as bicarbonate ionsB. Most oxygen binds reversibly with hemoglobinC. Oxygen is more soluble in plasma than CO₂D. Oxygen transport is independent of partial pressure
Q3. Which of the following statements about human respiration is correct?A. The trachea divides into two primary bronchi at the 5th thoracic vertebra.B. The alveoli are lined with a thick muscular layer to prevent collapse.C. Lungs are covered by a single pleural membrane.D. The diaphragm remains fixed during breathing movements.
Q4. Which of the following statements regarding lung capacities is correct?A. Vital capacity is the total volume of air the lungs can hold.B. Residual volume prevents lung collapse after forced expiration.C. Tidal volume includes inspiratory reserve volume.D. Total lung capacity excludes residual volume.
Q5. What is the function of the alveolar membrane in gas exchange?A. It actively transports gasesB. It increases diffusion distanceC. It facilitates diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxideD. It produces surfactant
Q6. Which of the following statements about gas exchange is incorrect?A. Gas exchange occurs by simple diffusion.B. Alveoli provide a large surface area for diffusion.C. The partial pressure of CO₂ is higher in alveolar air than in venous blood.D. O₂ diffuses from alveoli to blood due to a concentration gradient.
Q7. Which of the following is true about carbon dioxide transport?A. CO₂ is mostly carried by hemoglobinB. CO₂ is transported mainly as bicarbonate ionsC. CO₂ transport is independent of partial pressureD. CO₂ is actively transported into alveoli
Q8. Which lung capacity represents the total amount of air that can be expired after a normal inspiration?A. Tidal VolumeB. Expiratory CapacityC. Vital CapacityD. Total Lung Capacity
Q9. Which of the following is an occupational lung disease caused by prolonged exposure to dust?A. AsthmaB. EmphysemaC. SilicosisD. Pneumonia
Q10. Which of the following statements about the respiratory system is incorrect?A. The pleural fluid reduces friction between the lung surface and thoracic cavity.B. The right lung has three lobes, while the left lung has two lobes.C. Inspiration occurs when intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.D. Oxygen diffuses from alveoli to blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction.