NEET Biology: Breathing and Exchange of Gases — Practice Set 2

Q1. Which of the following correctly describes the role of the diaphragm during inspiration?

A. Contracts and moves downward
B. Relaxes and moves upward
C. Expands and thickens
D. Remains stationary

Q2. Which of the following statements about respiratory volumes is correct?

A. Tidal volume is the volume of air exchanged during forced breathing.
B. Vital capacity includes tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and residual volume.
C. Expiratory reserve volume is the additional air exhaled after a normal expiration.
D. Inspiratory capacity equals expiratory reserve volume plus tidal volume.

Q3. Which of the following statements regarding carbon dioxide transport is incorrect?

A. Carbon dioxide is mainly transported as bicarbonate ions.
B. A small amount of CO₂ binds to hemoglobin to form carbamino-hemoglobin.
C. Carbonic anhydrase is present in red blood cells and facilitates CO₂ transport.
D. The majority of carbon dioxide is transported dissolved in plasma.

Q4. Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting oxygen dissociation from hemoglobin?

A. pCO₂
B. pH
C. Enzyme concentration
D. Temperature

Q5. Which part of the brain controls the voluntary regulation of respiration?

A. Cerebrum
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Pons
D. Hypothalamus

Q6. Which of the following statements about respiratory control is incorrect?

A. The medulla oblongata contains the respiratory rhythm center.
B. The pneumotaxic center controls the depth of inspiration.
C. Chemoreceptors detect changes in CO₂ and O₂ levels in the blood.
D. Respiratory rate is independent of blood pH.

Q7. Which of the following factors decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?

A. Low pCO₂
B. Low H⁺ concentration
C. High temperature
D. Both 2 and 3

Q8. What is the function of the pneumotaxic center in respiration?

A. Initiates breathing movements
B. Enhances oxygen transport
C. Regulates the duration of inspiration
D. Increases alveolar surface area

Q9. Which of the following statements regarding oxygen transport is correct?

A. Oxygen is mainly transported in the form of bicarbonate ions.
B. Oxygen binds reversibly with hemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin.
C. All oxygen in the blood is dissolved in plasma.
D. Oxygen dissociation from hemoglobin is independent of pCO₂ levels.

Q10. Which of the following best describes the role of carbonic anhydrase in respiration?

A. Converts CO₂ into bicarbonate ions
B. Facilitates oxygen transport
C. Regulates lung volume
D. Enhances diffusion of gases

Biology — Breathing and Exchange of Gases

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Which of the following correctly describes the role of the diaphragm during inspiration?

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