NEET Biology: Breathing and Exchange of Gases — Practice Set 3

Q1. Which component of blood is mainly responsible for buffering pH changes due to carbon dioxide transport?

A. Hemoglobin
B. Bicarbonate ions
C. Plasma proteins
D. Red blood cell enzymes

Q2. Which of the following statements about respiratory disorders is correct?

A. Emphysema is caused by bacterial infection of the lungs.
B. Asthma involves inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles.
C. Pneumonia results from excessive dust accumulation in the lungs.
D. Silicosis is a genetic disorder affecting alveoli.

Q3. Which of the following statements regarding pulmonary ventilation is incorrect?

A. Inspiration occurs when intrapulmonary pressure decreases below atmospheric pressure.
B. Expiration occurs when intrapulmonary pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure.
C. Diaphragm contraction increases thoracic cavity volume.
D. External intercostal muscle contraction lifts the ribs during inspiration.

Q4. Which factor increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?

A. High pCO₂
B. High temperature
C. Low H⁺ concentration
D. Both 2 and 3

Q5. Which of the following statements about the human respiratory system is correct?

A. The larynx prevents the entry of food into the trachea during swallowing.
B. The bronchioles are lined with cartilaginous rings for support.
C. Gas exchange occurs in the bronchioles.
D. The right lung has two lobes, while the left lung has three lobes.

Q6. Which of the following is NOT a function of the pleural fluid?

A. Reduces friction during breathing
B. Maintains lung expansion
C. Facilitates gas exchange
D. Provides lubrication to the lungs

Q7. Which of the following lung volumes includes the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a forced expiration?

A. Vital Capacity
B. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
C. Expiratory Reserve Volume
D. Residual Volume

Q8. Which condition is caused by bacterial or viral infection leading to inflammation of alveoli?

A. Emphysema
B. Asthma
C. Pneumonia
D. Bronchitis

Q9. What is the primary stimulus for breathing in a healthy individual?

A. Low oxygen levels
B. High carbon dioxide levels
C. High oxygen levels
D. Low nitrogen levels

Q10. Which of the following statements regarding alveolar gas exchange is correct?

A. O₂ diffuses from the alveoli into the blood due to a lower pO₂ in the alveolar air.
B. CO₂ diffuses from blood into alveoli due to its lower solubility in plasma.
C. Alveoli are lined with a thin epithelial layer to facilitate gas diffusion.
D. Gas exchange in alveoli occurs by active transport.

Biology — Breathing and Exchange of Gases

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